吴茱萸化学成分和药理作用及质量标志物(Q-marker)的预测分析

吴茱萸是我国常用的大宗中药材,资源丰富且分布较广,具有广阔的开发利用前景。吴茱萸中化学成分类型丰富,包括生物碱、苦味素、挥发油、黄酮等类成分,传统认为生物碱和苦味素为其主要药效成分。对其化学成分、药理作用综述的基础上,根据中药质量标志物(Q-marker)理论,从生源途径、化学成分与传统功效、传统药性、新的临床用途、毒性、可测成分、入血成分及不同配伍环境几方面对吴茱萸Q-marker成分进行预测分析,为明确吴茱萸Q-marker和制定科学的质量标准提供基础。     

基于中药质量标志物和传统用法的中药饮片标准汤剂传承发展研究思路与建议

中药汤剂(也称煎剂)是中医师最常用的中药复方剂型,也是中药历史上应用最久和最广的制剂。药材是饮片的原料,饮片是制备提取物、构成中医处方和中药制剂的原料,更体现了传承发展中药的重要性。基于中药饮片标准汤剂,科学认识汤剂质量,提高药典饮片和中成药质量评价研究理论和方法是科学发展的重要策略。开展以中医药理论为指导、临床应用为基础的中药饮片标准汤剂研究,基于中药质量标志物理论和研究方法探讨饮片和煎煮工艺的影响,形成标准汤剂的质量评价体系,既有利于确保中医处方用药的安全和疗效,也有利于认识标准汤剂在"药材-饮片-中成药"的质量及其标准的差异和价值,提升国家对中药饮片监管水平,保障人民用药安全和有效;还有利于认识标准汤剂在中药饮片生产、中药配方颗粒及经典名方的传承研发中的重要意义。     

香薷的研究进展及其质量标志物预测分析

香薷作为常用解表中药,其化学成分多样,临床应用十分广泛。对香薷进行本草考证、化学成分和主要药理活性总结,并在此基础上结合质量标志物(Q-marker)的核心概念,从生源途径、传统药性药效、药动学和体内过程以及可测成分等方面对香薷Q-marker进行预测分析,为其质量评价提供了理论依据。     

Research and Application of Adlay in Medicinal Field

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) adlay has been used as a dietary supplement to promote health and treat various ailments for thousands of years.The effective and safe ingredients of TCM could be used as sources for developing new drugs.This paper reviews the main research and application of adlay seed in medicinal field in the following aspects:botanical resource,ethnopharmacological function,chemical constituents,pharmacology and pharmacokinetics,safety evaluation and toxicity,and clinical application.We hope that the review could help researchers mine the scientific values of adlay seed,innovative drug design,provide the guidance for the application in clinical therapy,and enhance the academic level and clinical efficacy of adlay seed.     

胫骨高位截骨术后二次镜下探查软骨修复情况

目的:评估胫骨高位截骨术后膝关节内软骨修复情况。方法:选取2017年9月至2019年9月行胫骨高位截骨术,并在取内固定时再次镜下探查患者11例;其中男2例,女9例,年龄55～64岁。手术前后取内固定时留取内外间室图片并采用国际软骨修复协会软骨损伤分级系统(International Cartilage Repair Society grading systerm,ICRS)评估内外侧股骨髁与胫骨平台软骨损伤程度,采用美国西安大略与麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数评分(the Westrn Ontarioand Mcmaster Universities osteoarthritis index,WOMAC)与下肢力线比率(weight bearing line,WBL)评估临床效果与力线矫正情况。结果:11例患者均获得随访,时间12～22个月;所有患者的内侧股骨髁与胫骨平台损伤软骨得到不同程度的修复,WOMAC评分总分由术前的102～127分改善至41～52分,下肢力线比率由术前的17%～34%矫正至58%～64%;所有切口Ⅰ期愈合,术中及术后无内固定断裂、感染等并发症发生。结论:经胫骨高位截骨术矫正下肢力线,可以改善膝关节疼痛与功能障碍,并且损伤的内侧间室软骨可被不同程度修复。     

Surgical management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the lower lip: An experience of 109 cases

Objectives: We are presenting our experience collected from a series of 109 cases with SCC of the lower lip focusing on clinical features of patients and surgical approach. Study Design: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of patients diagnosed with Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of the lower lip at the Oral and Maxillofacial surgery at Xi’an Jiaotong University during a period between 1999 and 2008. Results: A total of 109 patients with lip cancer were included in the study. When no frozen-section test was performed, the neoplasia was removed with a margin of at least 6 mm. Different surgical techniques were used for lip reconstruction after tumor excision. Neck dissection was performed in all patients with clinically palpable lymph nodes. Median follow-up was 38 months. During follow-up, recurrence occurred in 5 patients, 3 patients developed neck metastases, distant metastases developed in 1 patient. Five patients died during observation period. Conclusions: The patient-related and defect-related issues must be taken into consideration during reconstruction for surgical defect. For N0 patients, we recommend wait-and-see policy. Early detection, careful follow-up and prompt neck is essential for the successful treatment. Key words:Lip cancer, surgical management, reconstruction.     

中药酸味的药性表达及在临证配伍中的应用

对中药五味中"酸"味的概念、功效内涵、来源以及与药性理论的内在联系进行了归纳。阐述应用电子舌仿生技术及化学分析手段进行酸味物质基础研究的思路和模式,提出酸味的表征方式及其物质基础拆分的研究方法,并总结了酸味中药的临床应用与配伍规律,为酸味药性的表达及临床合理应用提供研究思路和理论依据。     

中药五味药性理论辨识及其化学生物学实质表征路径

从中药五味概念、五味与四气、归经、升降沉浮、功效的关系以及临证配伍等方面对传统中药五味理论进行系统梳理和辨识。以仿生模型为基础,结合化学分析手段、受体理论、生物效应评价模型、药动学方法等对五味、功效、四气、归经、升降浮沉等中药性味研究,提出现代化学生物学表征路径。最后,从系统论和还原论的角度探讨了五味药性研究的思路方法。     

Systems Biology Application in Research on Sustainable Utilization of Chinese Materia Medica Resources

This paper reviews the progress of systems biology applied to researching on sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica (CMM) resources in the following aspects: identification and evaluation of CMM resources, analysis of biosynthesis and their regulation of active ingredients in medicinal plants, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology research of medicinal plants, and molecular breeding of medicinal plants. Development of systems biology is currently leading to extremely broad applications in the field of CMM resources, and systems biology will become a significant approach for the sustainable utilization of CMM resources.     

Metabolism Study Builds the Bridge from Research to Development

<正>Icaritin is an active prenylflavonoid derived from genus Epimedium L.,a Chinese materia medica.Icaritin has a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities,including cardiovascular function improvement,hormone regulation,and antitumor activity.From 1999 to 2015,the studies on the metabolism of